Cerebral Angiograms, including CT Angiogram, MR Angiogram, and Catheter Angiograms

What is a Cerebral Angiogram?

A cerebral angiogram is a specialised imaging test that provides detailed visualisation of the blood vessels in the brain. It is essential for diagnosing and evaluating conditions affecting the brain's vascular system, such as aneurysms, arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and blockages. By using various technologies, cerebral angiograms help healthcare providers determine the best course of treatment.

Types of Cerebral Angiograms

There are three primary types of cerebral angiograms, each with unique applications:

1. CT Angiogram (CTA)

   • Combines computed tomography (CT) imaging with contrast dye injected into a vein to produce high-resolution images of blood vessels.

   • Provides quick results and is often used for emergency evaluations, such as detecting aneurysms or strokes.

2. MR Angiogram (MRA)

   • Utilises magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to create detailed images of blood vessels without requiring radiation.

   • Can be performed with or without contrast dye, making it suitable for patients with certain medical conditions.

   • Often used for routine assessment of brain aneurysms or vascular abnormalities.

3. Catheter Angiogram

   • Considered the gold standard for vascular imaging, this method involves inserting a catheter into a blood vessel (usually in the groin) and guiding it to the brain’s arteries. A contrast dye is then injected, and X-rays capture dynamic images.

   • Provides the most detailed information, allowing for precise diagnosis and treatment planning.

Conditions Diagnosed with Cerebral Angiograms

Cerebral angiograms are used to diagnose and evaluate various conditions, including:

• Aneurysms: Bulges in blood vessels that can rupture and cause bleeding.

• Arteriovenous Malformations (AVMs): Abnormal connections between arteries and veins.

• Stroke: Caused by blocked or ruptured blood vessels.

• Carotid Artery Disease: Narrowing of the arteries supplying blood to the brain.

• Vasculitis: Inflammation of blood vessels.

Benefits of Cerebral Angiograms

Cerebral angiograms offer several critical advantages:

• Detailed Imaging: Provides highly accurate visualisation of blood vessels, essential for detecting abnormalities.

• Guided Interventions: In catheter angiograms, treatment procedures such as stent placement or embolisation can be performed simultaneously.

• Non-Invasive Options: CT and MR angiograms offer effective imaging without requiring surgical procedures.

• Early Detection: Enables prompt diagnosis and management of life-threatening conditions.

How are Cerebral Angiograms Performed?

1. Patient Preparation:

   • Patients may need to fast for several hours before the procedure.

   • Contrast dye allergies or kidney function may be assessed in advance.

2. During the Procedure:

   • CT/MR Angiogram: Involves lying on a scanner table while contrast dye is injected through an intravenous line. Imaging takes a few minutes.

   • Catheter Angiogram: Requires local anaesthesia and a small incision for catheter insertion. Real-time X-rays guide the catheter to the brain’s blood vessels.

3. Post-Procedure Care:

   • Patients undergoing catheter angiograms may need a short observation period to monitor for complications.

   • Hydration is encouraged to flush out the contrast dye.

Potential Risks

While generally safe, cerebral angiograms may have minor risks, including:

• CT/MR Angiogram: Allergic reactions to contrast dye or discomfort during the injection.

• Catheter Angiogram: Bleeding, infection, or blood vessel injury at the catheter insertion site.

These risks are rare and are minimised through expert care and monitoring.

Conclusion

Cerebral angiograms are invaluable tools for diagnosing and managing vascular conditions in the brain. At Singapore Brain Spine Nerves Center, we offer advanced CT, MR, and catheter angiograms, ensuring precise and comprehensive diagnostic capabilities tailored to your needs.

If you or your loved one requires a cerebral angiogram, trust our expert team to provide safe, effective, and compassionate care. Visit Singapore Brain Spine Nerves Center today to learn more about our diagnostic services and how they can support your journey to better brain health.