PET (Positron Emission Tomography) Brain Scans, including PET-MRI of the Brain
- Jan 15
- 3 min read
Updated: Jan 23
What is a PET Brain Scan?
A Positron Emission Tomography (PET) brain scan is a sophisticated imaging technique that provides detailed information about brain activity and function. By using a small amount of radioactive tracer, a PET scan captures metabolic activity, enabling the detection of abnormalities often before structural changes occur. Combined PET-MRI offers even greater precision, merging functional and structural imaging for a comprehensive assessment of the brain.
How Does a PET Brain Scan Work?
PET brain scans involve several steps to provide precise diagnostic images:
Radioactive Tracer: A safe and small dose of radioactive tracer is injected, inhaled, or ingested. The tracer accumulates in areas of high metabolic activity, such as rapidly growing tumours or regions affected by neurological disorders.
Imaging Process: The PET scanner detects gamma rays emitted by the tracer, creating detailed images of brain metabolism and function.
PET-MRI Integration: When combined with MRI, the scan offers enhanced insights by overlaying functional data from PET with high-resolution structural details from MRI. This combination is invaluable in diagnosing complex brain conditions.
Conditions Diagnosed with PET and PET-MRI Brain Scans
PET and PET-MRI scans are highly effective in diagnosing and managing a range of neurological and oncological conditions, including:
Brain Tumours: Identifying metabolic activity in tumour tissues and assessing their response to treatment.
Dementia: Differentiating between Alzheimer’s disease, frontotemporal dementia, and other types of cognitive decline.
Epilepsy: Pinpointing the origin of seizures to guide surgical planning.
Parkinson’s Disease: Evaluating dopamine activity and other neurochemical changes.
Traumatic Brain Injury: Detecting subtle functional impairments not visible on traditional imaging.
Benefits of PET and PET-MRI Brain Scans
These advanced imaging techniques offer numerous advantages:
Early Detection: PET scans identify metabolic changes before structural abnormalities appear.
Enhanced Precision: PET-MRI combines metabolic and structural imaging, providing a comprehensive view of the brain.
Treatment Monitoring: Tracks the effectiveness of therapies for conditions like brain tumours or epilepsy.
Customised Care: Supports tailored treatment plans by providing detailed diagnostic insights.
How is a PET Brain Scan Administered?
The procedure is non-invasive and typically follows these steps:
Preparation: Patients may be asked to fast for a few hours before the scan. The radioactive tracer is then administered.
Scanning: The patient lies on a comfortable table that slides into the PET scanner. The scan itself is painless and takes 20-60 minutes.
PET-MRI Combination: For PET-MRI scans, the process incorporates additional MRI imaging, extending the session slightly.
Analysis: A specialist interprets the results, correlating the images with the patient’s symptoms and medical history.
Potential Side Effects
PET scans are generally safe, but some patients may experience:
Minor discomfort at the injection site of the tracer
Rarely, mild allergic reactions to the tracer
Temporary exposure to a low level of radiation, which is carefully regulated for safety
Conclusion
PET and PET-MRI brain scans are invaluable tools in diagnosing and managing complex neurological and oncological conditions. By providing functional and structural insights, these techniques support early detection and personalised care.
At Singapore Brain Spine Nerves Center, we utilise advanced PET and PET-MRI technology to deliver precise and patient-centred diagnostic services. If you or your loved one requires advanced brain imaging, consult our experienced team to learn more about how PET scans can be an integral part of your care.