Proton Therapy for Brain and Spine Tumours

What is Proton Therapy?

Proton therapy is a cutting-edge, non-invasive form of radiation treatment that uses high-energy protons to precisely target tumours. Unlike conventional radiotherapy, which employs X-rays, proton therapy delivers radiation directly to the tumour site, minimising damage to surrounding healthy tissues. This approach is particularly beneficial for treating tumours in sensitive areas, such as the brain and spine.

How Does Proton Therapy Work?

Proton therapy leverages the unique properties of protons to deliver highly targeted radiation:

• Precise Targeting: Protons release most of their energy at a specific depth, known as the Bragg Peak. This allows for maximal tumour irradiation while sparing healthy tissues beyond the tumour.

• Customised Delivery: Treatment plans are tailored to the tumour’s size, shape, and location, ensuring optimal outcomes with minimal collateral damage.

The therapy is delivered using advanced technology, including a cyclotron or synchrotron, which accelerates protons to high speeds before directing them to the tumour through a specialised beam delivery system.

Conditions Treated with Proton Therapy

Proton therapy is highly effective in managing a range of brain and spine tumours, including:

• Gliomas: Such as glioblastoma and astrocytomas.

• Meningiomas: Tumours that arise from the membranes surrounding the brain and spinal cord.

• Medulloblastomas: Common in children, this therapy reduces long-term side effects.

• Spinal Cord Tumours: Offers precision treatment, critical for preserving spinal cord function.

• Metastases: Particularly useful for treating metastases near vital structures in the brain and spine.

Benefits of Proton Therapy

Proton therapy offers several significant advantages:

• Precision: Reduced radiation exposure to healthy tissues and critical structures, such as the optic nerves, spinal cord, and brainstem.

• Reduced Side Effects: Minimised risk of radiation-induced complications, such as cognitive decline or secondary cancers.

• Improved Outcomes: Enhanced tumour control due to targeted radiation delivery.

• Paediatric Safety: Particularly beneficial for children, as it reduces the risk of growth and developmental issues associated with radiation exposure.

How is Proton Therapy Administered?

The process involves several steps:

1. Initial Consultation: A specialist evaluates the patient’s suitability for proton therapy, considering the tumour’s location and characteristics.

2. Treatment Planning: Advanced imaging techniques, such as MRI and CT scans, are used to create a detailed map of the tumour and surrounding tissues.

3. Treatment Sessions: Patients undergo multiple treatment sessions over several weeks, typically lasting 15-45 minutes per session.

4. Follow-Up: Regular follow-ups ensure the treatment is effective and monitor for any potential side effects.

Potential Side Effects

Proton therapy is well-tolerated, but some patients may experience mild, temporary side effects, including:

• Fatigue

• Skin redness or irritation at the treatment site

• Headaches or nausea (depending on the tumour’s location)

These side effects are usually manageable and subside after the treatment course is completed.

Conclusion

Proton therapy is transforming the landscape of brain and spine tumour treatment by providing precise, effective, and patient-centred care.

If you or your loved one is exploring treatment options for a brain or spine tumour, consult our experienced team to learn more about proton therapy and how it can be integrated into your care plan. For personalised advice and support, visit the Singapore Brain Spine Nerves Center today.